Updated February 2003
Indicator |
Value |
Source |
Total Population (2002 projection)1 |
67,220,000 |
CSA 1994 Census (1999) |
Population Growth Rate (% per annum, proj. 2000) |
2.9 |
MOH (2001) |
Population Under Age 15 (%) |
44 |
MOH (2001) |
Population Living in Urban Areas (%) |
15 |
MOH (2001) |
Life Expectancy at Birth (years) |
52 |
MOH (2001) |
Crude Birth Rate per 1000 per year |
44 |
MOH (2001) |
Crude Death Rate per 1000 per year |
15 |
MOH (2001) |
Number of live births per year (proj. 2002) |
2,682,078 |
CSA 1994 Census (1999) |
Adult literacy rate (%) |
28.9 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Female literacy rate (%) |
18.5 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Male literacy rate (%) |
39.6 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Gross primary school enrollment ratio(%) |
61.6 |
MOE (2002) |
Indicator |
Value |
Source |
Gross domestic product (US$) |
6.4 billion |
World Bank (2000) |
Gross domestic product per capita (GDP US$) |
100 |
World Bank (2000) |
Population living on less than $1/day(%) |
31 |
MOH (2001) |
Average GDP growth per capita (% per year) |
2.8 |
World Bank (2000) |
Average GDP growth (% per year) |
4.7 |
World Bank (1990-1999) |
Agriculture (% of GDP) |
52.3 |
World Bank (2000) |
Industry (% of GDP) |
11.1 |
World Bank (2000) |
Manufacturing (% of GDP) |
7.0 |
World Bank (2000) |
Services (% of GDP) |
36.5 |
World Bank (2000) |
Indicator |
Value |
Source |
Population with access to improved water source (%)2 |
13.0 (rural) 77.0 (urban) |
World Bank-WDI (2000) |
Population with access to improved sanitation facilities (%)3 |
6.0 (rural) 58.0 (urban) |
World Bank-WDI (2000) |
Indicator |
Value |
Source |
Paved roads (% of total) |
12.0 |
World Bank (2000) |
Radios (per 1000 people) |
196 |
UNECA (1995) |
Fixed lines and mobile telephones (per 1000 people) |
3.9 |
World Bank (2000) |
Telecommunications lines in urban areas (%) |
95 |
UNECA (2001) |
TVs (per 1000 people) |
6 |
UNECA (2000) |
Number of personal computers (per 1000 people) |
0.9 |
World Bank (2000) |
Number of Internet users |
25,000 |
UNECA (2001) |
Indicator |
Value |
Source |
% of population with access to health care |
51.6 |
MOH (2001) |
Total number of hospitals (including private and teaching hospitals) |
115 |
MOH (2001) |
Total number of health centers |
412 |
MOH (2001) |
Total number of health stations |
2,452 |
MOH (2001) |
Total number of health posts |
1,311 |
MOH (2001) |
Total number of hospital beds |
11,710 |
MOH (2001) |
Doctor-to-population ratio |
1:36,000 |
MOH (2001) |
Health Budget (% of total national government budget, 2001/02) |
7.0 |
MOH (2001) |
Health Expenditure per capita (US$) |
1 |
UNECA (2001) |
Indicator |
Value |
Source |
Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births) |
97.0 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Under 5 Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births) |
166.0 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Maternal Mortality Ratio (per 100,000 live births) |
871 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Total Fertility Rate (Number of live births per woman during childbearing years) |
5.9 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Prevalence of Contraceptive Use Among Sexually Active Women of Childbearing Age (15-49) |
8.0 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Prevalence of Modern Contraceptive Use (%) |
6.0 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Prevalence of Traditional Contraceptive Use (%) |
2.0 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Prevalence of Malnutrition in Children Under 5 (%) |
47.2 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Indicator |
Value |
Source |
Number of Adults Living With HIV/AIDS (est. 2001) |
2,200,000 |
MOH (2002) |
Number of New AIDS Cases(est. 1999) |
189,850 |
MOH (2002) |
Adult HIV Prevalence Rate (%) |
6.6 |
MOH (2002) |
Adult HIV Prevalence Rate in Addis Ababa (%, est. 2001)4 |
15.6 |
MOH (2002) |
Adult HIV Prevalence Rate, urban areas(%, est. 2001) |
13.7 |
MOH (2002) |
Adult HIV Prevalence Rate, rural areas(%, est. 2001) |
3.7 |
MOH (2002) |
Number of Children 0-15 Living with HIV/AIDS (est.) |
200,000 |
MOH (2002) |
Number of Women Living With HIV (est.) |
1,100,000 |
UNAIDS(2002) |
Prevalence of HIV Among Women (%) |
11.9 |
World Bank (1999) |
Prevalence of HIV Among Commercial Sex Workers (%), Addis Ababa |
73.4 |
Aklilu et al (1998) |
Annual Deaths Due to HIV/AIDS (est.) |
160,000 |
UNAIDS (2002) |
Cumulative Deaths Due to HIV/AIDS (est. 2002) |
1,700,000 |
MOH (2000) |
Current Number of Living Orphans |
1,200,000 |
MOH (2002) |
Women Knowing 2 or 3 Ways to Prevent HIV/AIDS (%) |
37.0 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Women With Access to Condoms (%)5 |
11.1 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Men Using Condom During Last Sex With Any Partner (%) |
5.0 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Men Who Have Been Tested for HIV (%)6 |
2.2 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Men Who Have Been Tested for HIV, Addis Ababa (%) |
16.5 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Men Who Want to Be Tested for HIV, Ethiopia (%) |
64.8 |
DHS/CSA (2000) |
Aklilu, M., T. Messele, T. Biru, et al. 1999. Factors Associated with HIV Infection among sex workers of Addis Ababa, 1998. XI International Conference on AIDS and STDs in Africa, Lusaka, Zambia, 9/12-16, Abstract 15Dt3-4.
Ethiopian Central Statistical Authority, Office of Population & Housing Census Commission. 1999. 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia - Results at Country Level, Vol. II (Analytical Report). Addis Ababa: CSA.
Ethiopia Central Statistical Authority and ORC Macro. 2001. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2000. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, Maryland, USA: Central Statistical Authority and ORC Macro.
Ethiopia Ministry of Education. 2001. Indicators of the Ethiopian Education System. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Education.
Ethiopia Ministry of Health, Disease Prevention and Control Department. 2002. AIDS in Ethiopia. 4th Edition. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health.
Ethiopia Ministry of Health, Disease Prevention and Control Department. 2000. AIDS in Ethiopia. 3rd Edition. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health.
Ethiopia Ministry of Health, Planning and Programming Department. 2001. Health and Health Related Indicators. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health.
Ethiopia Ministry of Health, Planning and Programming Department. 1998. Health and Health Related Indicators. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health.
Ethiopia National AIDS Council. 2002. 2002 Update: UNAIDS/WHO Epidemiological Fact Sheet, UNAIDS. Addis Ababa: National HIV/AIDS Council Secretariat.
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Ethiopia NICI Indicators 1995-2002. Retrieved 11/4/2002 from http://www.uneca.org/aisi/nici/ethiopia/ethioind.htm. Addis Ababa: UNECA.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Literacy and Non-Formal Education Sector Estimates and Projections of Adult Illiteracy for Population Aged 15 Years and Above, By Country and By Gender 1970-2015. 2002. Retrieved 11/4/2002 from http://www.uis.unesco.org/en/stats/statistics/literacy2000.htm.
World Bank. 2001. World Development Indicators.
World Health Organization. 2002. Selected Health Indicators. Retrieved 10/20/2002 from http://www3.who.int/whosis/country/indicators.cfm?country=ETH&language=english
1 All demographic statistics from CSA have utilized the medium variant projections from the 1994 Census.
2 Improved sources include a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Access is defined as the availability of at least 20 L /person/day within one km of the dwelling. (WHO/UNICEF 2000)
3 Improved sanitation facilities include adequate excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Includes pit latrines and flush toilets. (WHO/UNICEF 2000)
4 HIV prevalence measured at sentinel sites for antenatal care (ANC) in Addis Ababa. This measure is considered the most accurate proxy indicator for adult HIV prevalence in a given population (UNAIDS 2002).
5 No reliable information exists concerning men’s access to condoms.
6 No reliable information exists concerning how many women have been tested for HIV.